JustChartsLearn
Trading, clearly explained.
Straight answers to the questions traders ask most — forex, gold and silver, crypto, economic data, charts and risk.
Forex basics
All 11 guides ›What Is a Pip in Forex? How to Calculate Pip Value
A pip is the standard unit of price movement in forex — 0.0001 for most pairs and 0.01 for yen pairs. Learn how to calculate pip value for any lot size, with worked examples.
Forex Market Hours: The Best Time to Trade Forex (Every Time Zone)
Forex trades 24 hours a day, five days a week. See the Sydney, Tokyo, London and New York session times in UTC, and why the London–New York overlap is the busiest window wherever you live.
What Is a Lot in Forex? Standard, Mini, Micro and Nano Lots
A lot is the unit of trade size in forex: a standard lot is 100,000 units, a mini lot 10,000, a micro lot 1,000 and a nano lot 100. See what 0.01 lot means and what each is worth per pip.
What Is the Spread in Forex? How It Is Measured and What It Costs
The spread is the difference between the bid and ask price — the main cost of a trade. Learn how to read it in pips, calculate its cost, and when spreads widen.
What Is a Swap (Rollover) in Forex, and Why Is It Tripled on Wednesday?
A swap is the overnight interest you pay or earn for holding a forex position past 5 p.m. New York time. Learn how it is calculated, why it can be positive, and why Wednesday is triple.
Major, Minor and Exotic Currency Pairs: What’s the Difference?
There are seven major currency pairs, all including the US dollar. Learn which pairs are majors, minors (crosses) and exotics, and how liquidity and spreads differ.
Gold & silver
All 10 guides ›What Moves the Price of Gold? 6 Key Drivers Explained
Gold prices are driven by real interest rates, the US dollar, central-bank buying, safe-haven demand, inflation expectations and physical demand. Here is how each one works.
How Many Lots Is 1 kg of Gold? (Ounces, Grams and Lot Sizes)
1 kg of gold is 32.15 troy ounces, which is about 0.32 standard lots of XAU/USD. See the full conversion table for grams, ounces, kilograms and lots.
What Is 1 Lot of Gold (XAU/USD)? Contract Size, Pip Value and Margin
One standard lot of gold is usually 100 troy ounces. Learn what 1 lot, 0.1 lot and 0.01 lot of XAU/USD mean, how much a $1 move is worth, and how much margin you need.
Troy Ounce vs Ounce: How Many Grams Is 1 Ounce of Gold?
Gold and silver are weighed in troy ounces of 31.1035 grams — about 10% heavier than a regular ounce of 28.35 grams. Here is why, with conversion tables.
What Is 1 Lot of Silver (XAG/USD)? Ounces, Kilograms and Pip Value
A standard lot of silver is usually 5,000 troy ounces, so a $0.01 move is worth $50 per lot. Convert silver kilograms and ounces to lots, with worked examples.
Gold Trading Hours: When Is the Gold Market Open?
Gold trades nearly 24 hours a day, Sunday evening to Friday afternoon New York time, with a daily one-hour break. See gold market hours in UTC and the busiest times to trade.
Economic data
All 8 guides ›What Is NFP (Non-Farm Payrolls) and How Does It Affect Forex and Gold?
NFP is the monthly US jobs report. Learn when it is released, what traders watch in it, and why it moves the US dollar, EUR/USD and gold so sharply.
How Does CPI Inflation Data Affect Forex, Gold and Stocks?
CPI measures inflation. Learn what headline and core CPI are, when US CPI is released, and why a hotter or cooler number moves the dollar, gold and stock markets.
How to Read an Economic Calendar (Actual, Forecast, Previous)
A practical guide to the forex economic calendar: what impact levels mean, how to read actual vs forecast vs previous, and how traders plan around big events.
What Is the FOMC? How Fed Interest-Rate Decisions Move Markets
The FOMC sets US interest rates at eight scheduled meetings a year. Learn when decisions are announced, what the dot plot is, and how the dollar, gold and stocks react.
What Is PCE Inflation and Why Does the Fed Prefer It to CPI?
PCE is the US inflation measure the Federal Reserve targets at 2%. Learn how PCE differs from CPI, when it is released, and how core PCE moves the dollar and gold.
Hawkish vs Dovish: What Central-Bank Language Means for Markets
Hawkish means leaning towards higher interest rates to fight inflation; dovish means leaning towards lower rates to support growth. Learn the signals and how currencies and gold react.
Risk
All 5 guides ›What Are Leverage and Margin in Forex? Explained With Examples
Leverage lets you control a large position with a small deposit called margin. Learn how margin is calculated, what a margin call is, and why leverage multiplies losses too.
How Much Money Do You Need to Start Trading? (Position Sizing Guide)
You can open some trading accounts with very little, but the amount that matters is how much you risk per trade. Learn the 1% rule and how to calculate position size.
Risk–Reward Ratio Explained: What Is a Good Ratio in Trading?
The risk–reward ratio compares how much you can lose with how much you aim to make. Learn how to calculate it, the break-even win rate for each ratio, and why 1:2 is popular.
Where to Place a Stop-Loss: 4 Practical Methods
A good stop-loss sits where your trade idea is proven wrong — not at a random number of pips. Learn structure-based, ATR, percentage and time stops, plus common mistakes.
What Is Drawdown in Trading? Maximum Drawdown and Recovery Math
Drawdown is how far your account falls from its peak. Learn how to calculate maximum drawdown, why losses need bigger gains to recover, and how to keep drawdowns small.
Charting
All 6 guides ›How to Read Candlestick Charts: A Beginner’s Guide
Learn what each part of a candlestick means — open, high, low, close, body and wicks — plus the patterns traders watch most and how timeframes change the picture.
What Is the RSI Indicator? How to Read RSI 70 and 30
The Relative Strength Index (RSI) measures the speed of price moves on a 0–100 scale. Learn how RSI is calculated, what overbought and oversold mean, and the mistakes to avoid.
Support and Resistance Explained: How to Find Key Price Levels
Support is a price level where buying tends to stop a fall; resistance is where selling tends to stop a rise. Learn how to draw them, why they flip, and how traders use them.
Moving Averages Explained: SMA vs EMA and the 50/200 Golden Cross
A moving average smooths price to show the trend. Learn the difference between simple (SMA) and exponential (EMA) moving averages, popular settings, and golden and death crosses.
What Is MACD? How to Read the MACD Line, Signal Line and Histogram
MACD shows trend and momentum using the gap between two exponential moving averages. Learn the 12, 26, 9 settings, crossovers, the zero line, the histogram and divergence.
Fibonacci Retracement Explained: 38.2%, 50% and 61.8% Levels
Fibonacci retracements mark where a pullback might pause within a trend. Learn how to draw them, what the 23.6%, 38.2%, 50%, 61.8% and 78.6% levels mean, and their limits.
Crypto
All 4 guides ›What Is Liquidation in Crypto Futures, and How Do You Avoid It?
Liquidation is when an exchange force-closes a leveraged crypto position because margin can no longer cover losses. Learn how liquidation price is calculated and how to avoid it.
What Is the Funding Rate in Crypto? Who Pays and How It Is Calculated
Funding rates are periodic payments between long and short traders on crypto perpetual futures. Learn who pays, how often, how to calculate the fee, and what extreme funding signals.
What Are Perpetual Futures in Crypto? How Perps Work
Perpetual futures (perps) are crypto derivatives with no expiry date. Learn how they track spot prices through funding, what mark price is, and how leverage and liquidation work.
What Is Open Interest? How to Read It With Price and Volume
Open interest is the number of futures or options contracts still open. Learn the difference from volume, how rising or falling open interest combines with price, and what it means in crypto.
Indices
All 2 guides ›What Is US30? The Dow Jones Index Explained for Traders
US30 is the trading symbol many brokers use for the Dow Jones Industrial Average, an index of 30 large US companies. Learn how it is calculated, its trading hours and what moves it.
What Is the VIX “Fear Index”? How to Read Volatility
The VIX measures the stock market’s expected volatility over the next 30 days, based on S&P 500 options. Learn what high and low VIX readings mean and how traders use it.